Tree Pongamia Glabra (Millettia pinnata) | 3.5 - 4.0 m | 18 - 20 cm girth
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Tree Pongamia Glabra (Millettia pinnata) | 3.5 - 4.0 m | 18 - 20 cm girth
Pongamia glabra, now more correctly known as Millettia pinnata (synonym: Pongamia pinnata), is a fast-growing, leguminous tree valued for its environmental resilience and potential as a biofuel source.
🔍 Key Facts
Scientific name: Millettia pinnata (synonym: Pongamia glabra / Pongamia pinnata)
Common names: Pongam tree, Indian beech, karanj (India), malapari (Indonesia)
Family: Fabaceae (legume family)
Native range: Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, northern Australia
Height: Typically 8–15 meters (26–50 feet)
Leaves: Pinnate with glossy green leaflets
Flowers: Fragrant, purple-pink to white, pea-like
Fruit: Flat, thick seed pods containing 1–2 oil-rich seeds
🌿 Growing Conditions
Light: Full sun
Soil: Tolerates poor, saline, and alkaline soils; thrives in well-drained conditions
Water: Drought-tolerant once established, but can also tolerate waterlogging
Climate: Tropical and subtropical
Propagation: Mostly by seeds, sometimes by root suckers or cuttings
🌱 Uses
Biofuel: Seeds yield a non-edible oil used in biodiesel production (karanja oil)
Soil improvement: Nitrogen-fixing tree that improves soil fertility
Shade & ornamental: Used in parks and roadsides for shade and erosion control
Medicinal (traditional): Used in Ayurveda and traditional medicine for treating skin diseases and inflammation
Agroforestry: Supports sustainable land use systems
🌍 Environmental Benefits
Erosion control, especially in coastal or saline areas
Reclaims degraded land
Carbon sequestration potential